An Analysis of the Role of Modern Theories in Reducing Stress in Urban Areas (Case study: Hashemiyeh neighborhood, Mashhad)

Stress in cities is recognized as a significant social and psychological issue. Uncontrolled urban development and population growth, accompanied by increasing life pressures in urban environments, lead to environmental stress and depression. Therefore, stress management in cities holds great importance as the impacts of stress on individuals' health and citizens' quality of life are considerable. This research aims to explore the relationship between modern urban theories such as the 15-minute city, low-carbon city, biophilic city, and smart growth in reducing urban stress in Hashemiyeh neighborhood. This research is conducted with a quantitative approach using a descriptive-analytical method. The data collection tools were literature review, questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha was used to assess its reliability. Data analysis from the questionnaire was performed using Spearman, Linear Regression, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Friedman methods through SPSS software. The results indicate that there are factors contributing to urban stress in the Hashemiyeh neighborhood. This neighborhood performs well and satisfactorily in terms of providing security, night-time lighting, access to public transportation, and meeting daily needs. However, it has not performed well in areas such as social interaction and traffic control especially on weekends. Additionally, concerning factors such as noise and air pollution, the amount of green space, the condition and facilities of sidewalks, pedestrian safety, and access to urban services such as clinics and doctors' offices, which are stress-inducing factors, the neighborhood is rated as average. Therefore, to reduce urban stress, interventions in different dimensions can be implemented.